Did you know your pug used to be tall?
- varunkac8104
- Apr 10
- 2 min read
Pugs have a rich and fascinating history that spans over two millennia.
Here's a breakdown of their origins and how their physical traits, especially height....have evolved and been standardized:
Ancient Origins (Before 400 BCE)
Pugs are believed to have originated in ancient China, likely bred as companion animals for royalty.
They were among a group of short-muzzled dogs like the Pekingese and Shih Tzu, bred to resemble Chinese lions, symbols of luck and protection.
Chinese emperors prized these dogs, and they were treated to luxurious lives, sometimes even having guards to protect them.
Estimated height: Around 11–14 inches
Early pugs in China may have been slightly taller and leaner than modern ones.
They were sometimes bred from or with longer-legged companion dogs like the Tibetan Spaniel or early versions of the Shih Tzu.
Their exact appearance varied, but they were typically small enough to sit on laps and accompany royals.
Arrival in the West (1500s–1600s)
Pugs were introduced to Europe in the 16th century by Dutch traders of the East India Company.
The Dutch called them Mopshond, a name still used in some countries today.
They became especially popular in the Netherlands and were adopted as the official dog of the House of Orange after reportedly saving the life of William the Silent by alerting him to approaching assassins.
Estimated height: About 10–13 inches
European breeding focused on flatter faces and compactness, standardizing a shorter stature.
Popularity in Europe (17th–19th Century)
The breed spread to France and England, becoming a favorite among aristocracy.
Queen Victoria had several pugs and was instrumental in promoting them within British society.
Napoleon’s wife, Josephine, used her pug (Fortune) to carry secret messages while she was imprisoned.
Breeding during Queen Victoria’s reign emphasized shorter legs and stockier bodies.
Some records suggest pugs were a bit shorter (9–11 inches) at this point, often with more pronounced wrinkles and curls in the tail.
Height reduction may have been a byproduct of the push for exaggerated features.
Modern Era
British officials and their families often brought their companion dogs with them to India, including pugs.
The Vodafone (Hutch) ad campaign in the early 2000s made pugs a household name in India.
After that, demand for pugs skyrocketed, and they became one of the most sought-after breeds among urban Indian pet owners.
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